蜚蠊目（Blattodea）源自於“blatta”，這是希臘語中對蟑螂的稱呼。

Blattodea is derived from “blatta”, the Greek word for cockroach.

種的俗名 Common names of members

蟑螂和白蟻

Cockroaches and termites

分佈 Distribution  

除了南極洲外，分布於每個大洲。

Every continent except Antarctica

形態描述 Morphology

廣泛的棲息地，包括落葉層、腐爛的木材、濃密的植被、裂縫、樹皮下的空腔及碎屑。

A wide range of habitats such as leaf litter, rotting wood, thick vegetation, crevices, cavities beneath barks, and debris

生態與棲息地 Habitat & Ecology

• 蟑螂的形態特徵（如何識別它們）

  • 頭部朝下指向

  • 長觸角

  • 橢圓形的黑色或棕色身體

  • 多刺的腿

• 白蟻的形態特徵（如何識別它們）

  • 頭部圓而寬

  • 直而珠狀的觸角

  • 中間部分的身體寬度與頭部和尾部相同

• Cockroaches Morphology (how to recognize them):

  • Head pointing downwards

  • Antennae long

  • Oval-shaped black or brown body

  • Spiny legs

•  Termites Morphology (how to recognize them):

  • Head round and broad

  • Straight and bead-like antennae

  • Body width of the middle part same as head and back end

食性 Diet

• 蟑螂的飲食:

  • 主要以腐植質為食，並有機會食用其他昆蟲。

• 白蟻的飲食:

  • 以含纖維素的材料為食，但具體的白蟻飲食因物種而異

• Cockroaches Diet: 

  • Detritus primarily and other insects opportunistically

•  Termites Diet: 

  • Materials containing cellulose, but the specific termite diet varies by species

小知識 Fun Fact

蟑螂被認為是世界上最快的昆蟲之一。得益於其關節腿、扁平的身體和快速變換腿部動作的能力，蟑螂的速度可達每小時3英里（近5公里/小時）！以這樣的體型，其速度相當於人類以每小時200英里（近322公里/小時）的速度奔跑！

Cockroaches are considered as one of the fastest insects in the world. Thanks to their jointed legs, flattened body, and the ability to rapidly change leg movements, cockroaches can run up to 3 miles an hour (nearly 5km/h)! Their speed with such body size would be equivalent to humans running 200 miles an hour (nearly 322km/h)!

已知的物種 Total species known

194

博物館收藏的物種 Species in the collection

在香港已知的物種 Species in Hong Kong

51

Reference

• ITIS-Report:Blattodea.(2024).Itis.gov.https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=914219#null ‌

• Bell, William J.; Roth, Louis M.; Nalepa, Christine A. (2007). Cockroaches: Ecology, Behavior, and Natural History. JHU Press. pp. 55–58. ISBN 978-0-8018-8616-4.

• Siu, C., & Lau, K. (n.d.). CHECKLIST OF INSECTS OF HONG KONG. https://www.afcd.gov.hk/english/quarantine/qua_plants/files/Checklist.pdf

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