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半翅目 Hemiptera

半翅目 Hemiptera

Heteroptera（異翅目）源於希臘語，“hetero-”意為不同，“ptera ”意為翅膀，指的是前翅近基部（革質）與先端（膜質）的質地不同。

Greek Origins of Name: Heteroptera, derived from the Greek “hetero-” meaning different and “ptera” meaning wings, refers to the fact that the texture of the front wings is different near the base (leathery) than at the apex (membranous).


種的俗名 Common names of members

臭蟲，屎屁蟲中文學名椿象

True bugs, stink bugs, smelly bugs


分佈 Distribution  

除南極和北極以外的各大洲

Every continent except Antarctica


形態描述 Morphology

刺吸式口器

前翅硬化，基部革質，頂端膜質；

壓縮的身體

觸角通常分為 4 或 5 節

Piercing and sucking mouthparts 

Hardened forewing with a leathery base and a membranous tip;

Compressed body

Antennae usually divided into 4 or 5 segments


生態與棲息地 Habitat & Ecology

大部分為陸生，也有一些生活在淡水表面。

Mostly terrestrial, while some are living on freshwater surfaces


食性 Diet

植物汁液、 有些會捕食其他昆蟲或無脊椎動物

Plant sap, some to prey on other insects or invertebrates


小知識 Fun Fact

臭蟲的口器包含一個向外輸送唾液和一個向內輸送液態食物的獵物通道。捕食時臭蟲會將口器刺入獵物體內，並通過口器釋放唾液。當註入的酶將獵物消化成液體時，蟲子會用 “吸管 ”吸吮液化的食物。

The stylet contains a channel for the outward movement of saliva and another for the inward movement of liquid food- the prey. The predacious bug would pierce its mouthpart into the prey and release saliva through the stylet. While the enzyme injected is digesting the prey, which is turned into liquid, the bug would suck the liquified food with its “straw”.


已知的物種 Total species known

31,524

博物館收藏的物種 Species in the collection


在香港已知的物種 Species in Hong Kong

1340


Reference

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