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長翅目蚤下目 Siphonaptera

長翅目蚤下目 Siphonaptera

名稱的希臘起源： Siphonaptera 源自希臘文，siphon 「的意思是管子或管道，aptera 的意思是無翼。

Greek Origins of Name: Siphonaptera is derived from the Greek words “siphon” meaning a tube or pipe and “aptera” meaning wingless.


種的俗名 Common names of members

跳蚤

Flea


分佈 Distribution

除南極洲外，各大洲都有，溫帶地區的多樣性最高  

Every continent except Antarctica, with the greatest diversity occurring in temperate zones


形態描述 Morphology

無翼

身體側壓

眼睛和觸角難以察覺

後腿發育良好

刺吸式口器

Wingless

Laterally compressed body

Eyes and antennae are imperceptible

Well developed hind legs

Piercing and sucking mouthparts


生態與棲息地 Habitat & Ecology

在哺乳類動物身上，偶爾會在鳥類身上，混凝土人行道、門廊附近的土壤中，以及灌木下陰暗潮濕的土壤中。

On the bodies of mammals and occasionally birds, also in the soil near concrete sidewalks, porches, and in shaded, damp soil under shrubs


食性 Diet 吸食動物的血液 (成蟲)；灰塵、宿主的糞便或死皮細胞 (幼蟲)

Suck blood from animals (adults); dust, host’s fecal matters or dead skin cells (larvae)


小知識 Fun Fact

跳蚤可以在視力不好的情況下找到寄主。它們喜歡以野生動物為宿主，但如果找不到其他動物時，也會咬人。成蟲會透過偵測體溫、行動、行動造成的震動和呼吸來尋找宿主。

Fleas can find their hosts without good eyesight. They prefer wild animal hosts but will resort to biting people when other animals are unavailable. Adult fleas find hosts by detecting body heat, movement, vibrations caused by movement, and breathing.


已知的物種 Total species known

2,500

博物館收藏的物種 Species in the collection


在香港已知的物種 Species in Hong Kong

7



Reference

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