廣腰亞目 Symphyta (Suborder of Hymenoptera)
廣腰亞目 (Symphyta) 的目源自希臘詞「symphyton」,意為「生長在一起」,指的是該群體在前口和周口之間明顯缺乏蜜蜂腰的特徵。Etymology. The suborder name "Symphyta" derives from the Greek word symphyton, meaning 'grown together', referring to the group's distinctive lack of a wasp waist between prostomium and peristomium.
種的俗名 Common names of members
鋸蜓、角尾/樹蜂
Sawflies, horntails or wood wasp
分佈 Distribution
除了南極洲之外的各大洲
Every continent except Antarctica
形態描述 Morphology
腹部與胸部之間沒有腰部
鋸狀的產卵器
角尾在腹部末端有一個像刺一樣的結構
幼蟲看起來像毛毛蟲
No waist between the abdomen and thorax
Saw-like ovipositor
Horntails have a stout, which is a spine-like structure at the end of their abdomen
Larvae look like caterpillars
生態與棲息地 Habitat & Ecology 發現於有大量樹木和灌木的地區
Found in areas with lots of trees and shrubs
食性 Diet
花粉、花蜜、蜜露、樹汁、其他昆蟲,包括寄生蟲幼蟲宿主的淋巴(血液)
Pollen, nectar, honeydew, sap, other insects, including hemolymph (blood) of the larvae hosts for parasitic species
小知識 Fun Fact
鋸蜓的名稱來自於產卵器像鋸子一樣的外觀,雌性鋸蜓就是利用產卵器切入植物並在其中產卵。樹蜂是一種特殊的食木鋸蟲,它們的名字來自於有一根粗枝,用來刺穿樹皮,將卵產在木頭裡。
The name sawfly comes from the saw-like appearance of the ovipositor, which is what females use to cut into the plants and lay their eggs in them. Horntails are a special kind of wood-eating sawfly and their name comes from having a stout that is used to pierce through the bark and lay their eggs inside the wood.
已知的物種 Total species known
7,000
博物館收藏的物種 Species in the collection
在香港已知的物種 Species in Hong Kong
32
Reference
Definition of SYMPHYTA. (2024). Merriam-Webster.com. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Symphyta
Sawflies. (2024). Sawflies. The Australian Museum. https://australian.museum/learn/animals/insects/sawflies/
The. (1998, July 20). Symphyta | Wood-Boring, Parasitic & Pollinating. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/animal/Symphyta
Sawflies: Suborder Symphyta. (2024). Sawflies: Suborder Symphyta. The Australian Museum. https://australian.museum/learn/animals/insects/sawflies-suborder-symphyta/
Cabicompendium.55741, CABI Compendium, doi:10.1079/cabicompendium.55741, CABI International, Urocerus gigas (banded horntail sawfly), (2022)
Sawflies. (2020). Umn.edu. https://extension.umn.edu/yard-and-garden-insects/sawflies#:~:text=Sawfly%20larvae%20are%20more%20commonly,like%20projections%20on%20the%20abdomen.&text=Caterpillars%20have%20two%20to%20five%20pairs%20of%20prolegs%20on%20the%20abdomen.
Jervis, Mark; Vilhelmsen, Lars (2000). "Mouthpart evolution in adults of the basal, 'symphytan', hymenopteran lineages". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 70: 121–146. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb00204.x
Siu, C., & Lau, K. (n.d.). CHECKLIST OF INSECTS OF HONG KONG. https://www.afcd.gov.hk/english/quarantine/qua_plants/files/Checklist.pdf