浣熊科（Procyonidae）,源自希腊语 πρό（pró,"之前,代替"）和希腊语 κύων（kúōn,"狗"）,意为 "在狗之前",指的是这些动物的祖先也是狗.

Procyonidae, from Greek πρό (pró, “before, in place of”) and Greek κύων (kúōn, “dog”), means “before dog”, in reference to the early notion that these animals ancestral stock also gave rise to dogs.

種的俗名 Common names of members

浣熊,環尾浣熊,中美蓬尾浣熊,南美浣熊,蜜熊,犬浣熊及小型犬浣熊.

Raccoons, ringtails, cacomistles, coatis, kinkajous, olingos, and olinguitos.

分佈 Distribution  

遍布美洲.

Through the Americas.

體型 Size

牠们体型大小不一,长约 30-65 公分,尾巴一般和身體長度也同样.

They range in size from around 30–65 cm long, plus a tail generally as long again.

形態描述 Morphology

牠们是一种相对较小的负鼠类动物,一般身体细长,尾巴较长,喙较短,无耳咽管,下颌窝相对平坦.

They are relatively small possum-like animals, with generally slender bodies and long tails, shortened rostrum, absent alisphenoid canals, and a relatively flat mandibular fossa.

生態與棲息地 Habitat & Ecology

多为树栖：森林、湿地

Mostly arboreal: forests, wetlands

食性 Diet

牠们以水果、种子、昆虫、蚯蚓、蜥蜴、鸟类、啮齿类动物和蛋类为杂食性食物.

They have an omnivorous diet, based on fruits, seeds, insects, earthworms, lizards, birds, rodents and eggs.

繁殖 Reproduction

有些以家庭为单位生活,有些则独居.牠们是一雄多雌制（一只雄性与多只雌性交配）.牠们的幼崽在树洞或空心树上受到保护.只有雌性负责照顾父母.

Some live in families while some are solitary. They are polygamous (one male mating with multiple females). Their young are protected in tree holes or hollow trees. Only females are responsible for parental care.

已知的物種

Total species known

14

博物館收藏的物種

Species in the collection

1

在香港已知的物種

Species in Hong Kong

0

Reference

Macdonald, D. W. (2006). The Encyclopedia of mammals. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780199206087.001.0001.

Feldhamer, G. A., L. C. Drickamer, S. H. Vessey, and J. F. Merritt. (2020). Mammalogy. Adaptation, Diversity, and Ecology. Johns Hopkins University Press.