兔形目 Lagomorpha

兔形（Lagomorpha）来自希腊语 λαγώς （lagœs,"兔子"）和希腊语 μορφή （morphē,"形式、形状、外观"）,意为 "兔子形状",指这些动物与兔子有关.

Lagomorpha, from Greek λαγώς (lagṓs, “hare”) and Greek μορφή (morphē, “form, shape, appearance”), means “hare-shaped”, in reference to the fact that these animals are hare-related.

種的俗名 Common names of members

兔,兔子,野兔,野兔鼠兔.,鼠兔.

Rabbits, hares, pikas.

分佈 Distribution

除澳大利亚、南极洲和大多数岛屿外的所有大陆.除澳大利亚、南极洲和大多数岛屿外的所有大陆.

All continents except Australia, Antarctica, and most islands.

體型 Size

牠们是小型动物,体长从 15-23 厘米、体重 120-350 克到 60-75 厘米、3-5 千克不等.

牠们是小型动物,体长从 15-23 公分、体重 120-350 克到 60-75 公分、3-5 公斤不等.

They are small animals, varying in size from 15–23 cm in body length and 120–350 g in weight to 60–75 cm and 3–5 kg.

形態描述 Morphology

牠们的体型从小型到中型不等,专为快速移动而设计.牠们的后肢通常很长,每只後肢有四个脚趾,而前肢较短,每只前肢有五个脚趾.牠们的每个脚趾上都有强有力的爪子,帮助牠们在奔跑时抓地,脚底也长满了毛.牠们的听觉非常灵敏,大多数都有一双独特、修长和活动的耳朵.其他的耳朵呈圆形,四肢较小.在上颚,牠们有四颗门牙（在大门牙后面有较小的挂齿）.

牠们的体型从小型到中型不等,专为快速移动而设计.牠们的后肢通常很长,每只脚有四个脚趾,而前肢较短,每只脚有五个脚趾.牠们的每个脚趾上都有强有力的爪子,帮助牠们在奔跑时抓地,脚底也长满了毛.牠们的听觉非常灵敏,大多数都有一双独特、修长和靈活的耳朵.部分的耳朵呈圆形,四肢较小.在上颚,牠们有四颗门牙（在大门牙后面有较小的挂齿）.

These, which range in size from small to moderate, are designed to move quickly. Having four toes on each foot, their hind legs are typically very lengthy, while their fore legs are shorter, having five toes apiece. They have powerful claws on each toe to help with grip when running, and the bottoms of their feet are hairy. They have outstanding senses of hearing, and the majority of them have characteristic, elongated, and moving ears. Others have rounded ears and small limbs. In the upper jaw, they have four incisors (smaller peg teeth behind larger incisors).

生態與棲息地 Ecology & Habitat

牠们非常适合各种环境,包括沼泽、树林、山地、苔原和沙漠.

牠們非常適合各種環境,包括沼澤、樹林、山地、苔原和沙漠.

They are remarkably suited to a wide variety of environments, including swamps, woods, mountains, tundra, and deserts.

食性 Diet

纯草食性,主要以草和草本植物为食,但也吃树叶、水果、种子、莎草、灌木树枝、苔藓和各种地衣.

完全草食性,主要以草和草本植物為食,但也吃樹葉、水果、種子、莎草、灌木枝、苔蘚和各種地衣.

Exclusively herbivorous, feeding primarily on grasses and herbs, although they also eat leaves, fruit, seeds, sedges, shrub twigs, moss and lichens of various kinds.

繁殖 Reproduction

牠们大多多雄多雌繁殖（雄性和雌性都与多个个体交配）,繁殖率很高.牠们每年可以产下几窝大的幼崽.雌性很少照顾幼崽.牠们每天只看望幼崽一次,但牠们的乳汁营养价值很高.大多數都是一雄多雌（雄性和雌性都與多個個體交配）,繁殖率很高.牠們每年可生下數個大型的幼仔.雌性很少提供親職照顧.牠們每天只探望幼崽一次,但牠們的乳汁營養豐富.

Most are polygynandrous (both males and females mate with multiple individuals) and have a high reproduction rate. They can give birth to several large sized litters every year. Females give little parental care. They only visit the young once a day but their milk is highly nutritious.